鼻内翻性乳头状瘤Nasal Inverted Papilloma背景 IP is a benign epithelial growth in the underlying stroma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses that is best known for its invasiveness , tendency to recur , and association with malignancy. 内翻性乳头状瘤是一种生长在鼻腔鼻窦内间质组织下方的良性肿瘤, 它具有侵袭性、复发倾向, 并有恶变性. 内翻性乳头状瘤鼻腔鼻窦良性肿瘤术后易复发, 复发率5%~47% 不等, 多次手术及年龄较大者易产生恶性变, 恶变率为7%. 应属真正的上皮组织边缘性肿瘤, 或交界性肿瘤.病因发病原因至今不清.有研究在肿瘤中检出人乳头状瘤病毒（human papilloma virus,HPV ）, 但尚不能证明与HPV 相关.也有研究表明IP 与EB 病毒感染有关病理：大体 Pathologically, this tumor is distinct. Grossly, it appears to be exophytic, polypoid, and vascular. It is pink to gray in color, with frondlike projections extending from the bulk of the lesion. This benign tumor, which may fill the entire nasal cavity, usually emanates from a discrete pedicled site. 在病理学上, 这种肿瘤是很明显的. 大体上呈现出血管性外生性息肉状. 其外观呈粉红色至灰色, 有分叶状突起的团块状病变. 这种良性肿瘤可充满整个鼻腔, 通常有一个蒂状结构. 鼻及鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤好发于鼻腔外侧壁, 亦可原发于鼻中隔、鼻甲和各鼻窦内, 但多自鼻腔扩展入鼻窦. 原发自鼻窦者少见. 内翻性乳头状瘤有明显的局部侵蚀性, 晚期难以准确判断其原发部位.施奈德膜（Schneiderian membrane ） 概念 即胚胎起源的鼻粘膜,本身就存在内翻性病变的风险, 故这一名称与鼻粘膜一起沿用至今. 施奈德氏膜乳头状瘤 内翻性乳头状瘤临床表现 It comprises 0.5 to 4% of all primary nasal tumors , usually affecting patients in the fifth and sixth decade of life. Common symptoms include unilateral nasal obstruction , epistaxis , nasal drainage , bilateral nasal obstruction , nasal mass , and sinusitis. IP affects males more commonly with a male to female ratio of 3:1.占鼻内的所有肿瘤的0.5~4%, 多见于50~60 岁患者....
