常用急症急救监测与药物应用XXX 急救医学中心端正思想,热爱护理三十六行,行行出状元三分治疗,七分护理护理工作的错误会带来不可弥补的损失罗氏芬克林霉素罗氏芬可乐必妥千里之堤,溃于蚁穴!人-是会犯错误!上帝-不会犯错误,会宽恕!“To Err Is Human” Errors caused Deaths In US: 44000-98000 /Year Drew E. Altman, N Engl J Med 2019;351;20 In China: 12900/year ??? Adopted from CAC 2019 Bond CA; (AHA database) 1116 hospitals Errors: 430585 Errors Affected Outcomes: 17338Occurred in 5.07% of admitted patients22.7 hr or 19.33 admissions/ ErrorMedical Errors Survey Pharmacotherapy 2019Errors Happened in ICU Critical Care Safety Study 391 patients (1 year) 1490 patient-days 277 errors 11% Life-threatening Jeffrey M CCM 2019 Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 181: 134–142( 意向性的医疗计划没有实施或实施失败, 或采用错误医疗计划达到某一目的)( 医疗处置而非原发病导致的人体伤害)( 减轻或治愈或阻断了的不良事件)( 不能预防或阻止的医疗错误导致的损害)( 正确的医疗处置导致的不可避免的损害)( 医疗错误导致的损害由于处置得当在伤害进一步加重前大大减轻了)( 医疗错误可能导致损害但没有发生)( 医疗错误可能导致损害但在医嘱实施前被阻止了)( 医疗错误可能导致损害而且实施了医嘱但由于运气或患者代偿作用没有出现可检测到的损害)( 可能导致损害的错误医嘱已实施于患者, 但在伤害发生前患者已恢复)ICU Characteristics70 ICU in France1369 PtsMarch 27, 2019, at 8 A.M., to April 3, 2019, at 8 A.M. Safety IndicatorMedical errors: 1192/1369/WAt least one medical error:367 (26.8%) patients, 2.1/1,000 patient-daysSecond occurrences of specific errors: 203/367 (55.3%).The most common medical error: insulin administration, 185.9/1,000 days of insulin treatmentSeverity of Medical ErrorsAdverse events: 183 (15.4%) /128 (9.3%)Pts/1192One or more clinical consequences (n=163)Required one or more procedures or treatments (n= 58)Clinical moni...